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Dangerous threats that can compromise operation of modern digital substations...
Digital substations are pretty fragile in terms of various kinds of threats. Yes, they are advanced and have a vast number of highly effective protection and control features, but this... Read more...
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The art of predicting the fate of a power transformer by looking into a cup...
Insulation medium is an indispensable part of a power transformer, and the interesting thing about it is that it can drop dead at any time. Most of the time, this... Read more The post The art of...
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The ground is not just ground! At least not in hospitals, medical, and dental...
This technical article analyzes the safety requirements against indirect contact employed in particularly special medical locations (e.g., hospitals, medical, and dental practices, etc.), where...
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Key points on how to design a fault-tolerant and reliable facility...
Nowadays, power system reliability is more important than ever. Regardless of how reliable the individual power-system components may be, some sort of power-system redundancy is necessary to attain...
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Eight most damaging overvoltages in industrial systems (root causes and...
Electric insulation in energized systems is continuously under stress. Electric systems are subject to disturbances of many types which unavoidably produce overvoltages. However, the application...
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Guidelines for selecting the proper Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) for motor...
This article addresses the Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) concept in several aspects that matter the most in selecting the proper VFD for applications. One of the important factors is the... Read more...
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The most common failure modes of electrical equipment in distribution systems
Each piece of electrical equipment on a distribution system has a probability of failing. When first installed, a piece of equipment can fail due to poor manufacturing, damage during shipping,... Read...
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Recommendations for the successful erection of medium voltage switchgear
Electrical engineers working on project execution know that switchgear erection brings many challenges, no matter the voltage level. The switchgear cannot always be assembled in the factory and...
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Electrical insulation testing – Often underestimated until things go really bad
Due to mechanical damage, vibrations, (excessive) heat/cold, moisture/humidity, chemical influences and interactions and aging pinholes, cracks causes moisture and foreign matter to penetrate the...
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Eight criteria you should consider when choosing the right MV/LV transformer...
Although there are few common-sense rules that every electrical engineer follow when choosing the transformer type, it’s always a good idea to name the most important of them. This technical... Read...
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Why substation equipment fails and why it’s wise to think of that much before...
This technical article will try to shed some light on why and how electrical equipment fails and what’s happening before and during the failure of particular substation equipment like switchgear,......
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Performing power factor test on dry-type transformer during commissioning
The power factor test is a maintenance test used to determine the insulation system dielectric power loss by measuring the power angle between an applied AC voltage and the resultant... Read moreThe...
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Guidelines for high potential (Hi-Pot) DC testing of medium voltage cables
This technical article provides general guidelines for high potential “Hi-Pot” DC testing of MV power cables. All tests made following cable installation and during the warranty period must be...
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Using Megger tester for these 3 types of insulation resistance tests
You know that good insulation has high resistance and poor insulation relatively low resistance. The actual resistance values can be higher or lower, depending upon such factors as the temperature......
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Few good tips for low voltage switchgear maintenance and care
The low voltage switchgear involves many devices like power circuit breakers, MCBs, aux. relays, CTs, VTs etc. and of course at the end – enclosures (indoor or outdoor type). The frequency... Read...
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Electricity and water do not form a happy partnership, do they?
Electricity and water do not form a happy partnership and so it is often necessary to “dry out” insulation. This may be done to remove surface moisture or perhaps to... Read moreThe post Electricity...
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What would be the best conductor material for electrical wires and cables
The conductivity of copper is 65% higher than that of aluminium which means that the conductor size of similarly rated cables is proportionately smaller. Correspondingly less expense is then...
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Better understanding of transformer failures and maintenance necessity
Generally speaking, the transformer requires less care compared to other electrical equipment. But, as I already stated in some of the earlier technical articles, transformer failures can cause a...
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Where do electrical faults occur the most?
A fault is not a natural occurrence. It is an unplanned event which occurs unexpectedly. Electrical faults in an electrical installation or piece of equipment may be caused by: Negligence –... Read...
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7 Methods To Avoid Insulator Flashovers
Contamination caused insulator flashovers produce frequent outages in severely contaminated areas. Lines closer to the ocean are in more danger of becoming contaminated. Several countermeasures have...
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